Biomedical sciences are a set of applied sciences applying portions of natural science or formal science, or both, to knowledge, interventions, or technology that are of use in healthcare or public health. Such disciplines as medical microbiology, clinical virology, clinical epidemiology, genetic epidemiology, and biomedical engineering are medical sciences. Explaining physiological mechanisms operating in pathological processes, however, pathophysiology can be regarded as basic science.
As such the biomedical sciences have a much wider range of academic and research activities and economic significance than that defined by hospital laboratory sciences.
ROLES IN BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES :
A sub-set of biomedical sciences is the science of clinical laboratory diagnosis. This is commonly referred to in the UK as ‘biomedical science’ or ‘healthcare science’. There are at least 45 different specialisms within healthcare science, which are traditionally grouped into three main divisions,
- specialisms involving life sciences
- specialisms involving physiological
- specialisms involving medical physics or bioengineering
LIFE SCIENCE SPECIALTIES:
- Molecular toxicology
- Molecular pathology
- Blood transfusion science
- Cervical cytology
- Clinical biochemistry
- Clinical embryology
- Clinical immunology
- Electron microscopy
- External quality assurance
- Haematology
- Haemostasis and thrombosis
- Histocompatibility and immunogenetics
- Histopathology and cytopathology
- Molecular genetics and cytogenetics
- Molecular biology and cell biology
- Microbiology including mycology
- Bacteriology
- Tropical diseases
- Phlebotomy
- Tissue banking/transplant
- Virology Molecular toxicology
- Molecular pathology
- Blood transfusion science
- Cervical cytology
- Clinical biochemistry
- Clinical embryology
- Clinical immunology
- Electron microscopy
- External quality assurance
- Haematology
- Haemostasis and thrombosis
PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCE SPECIALISMS :
- Audiology and hearing therapy
- Autonomic neurovascular function
- Cardiac physiology
- Clinical perfusion
- Critical care science
- Gastrointestinal physiology
- Neurophysiology
- Ophthalmic and vision science
- Respiratory and sleep physiology
- Urology
- Vascular science
PHYSICS AND BIO ENGINEERING SPECIALISMS :
- Biomechanical engineering
- Biomedical engineering
- Clinical engineering
- Clinical measurement
- Diagnostic radiology
- Equipment management
- Maxillofacial prosthetics
- Medical electronics
- Medical engineering design
- Medical illustration and clinical photography
- Non-ionising radiation
- Nuclear medicine
- Radiopharmacy
- Radiation protection and monitoring
- Radiotherapy physics
- Rehabilitation engineering
- Renal technology and science
- Ultrasound
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